Sino-Brazilian Cooperation

Loro Horta presents a good analysis of the growth and future direction of Sino-Brazilian Cooperation.

The dragon and anaconda: China, Brazil and power balance in Americas

By Loro Horta
Published on September 16, 2009

The Sino-Brazilian strategic partnership signed nearly two decades ago has, in recent years, begun to produce some impressive results. In 2007 trade between the two giants reached US$29 billion and grew to an impressive $43 billion by the end of 2008. This expanding economic relationship is being complemented with a corresponding growth in their political and diplomatic partnership.

Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) shakes hands with his

Brazilian counterpart Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva after

signing thejoint communique at the Great Hall ofthe People

Beijing, capital of China, May 19, 2009. (Xinhua/Rao Aimin)

Both countries have cooperated in very sensitive areas such as space technology, aviation and military-related technologies. Since the early 1990s the two countries have launched three jointly-developed satellites and are co-producing a medium-range commercial jetliner. American defence and intelligence officials have expressed concern over such ties, claiming that Brazil was passing to China sensitive satellite and remote sensing technology in exchange for Chinese ballistic missile know-how.

Brazil is indeed a very important source of technology for a China that has been restricted by arms sanctions by the West following Tiananmen. Brazilian weapons have reached as far as Southeast Asia, when Malaysia acquired 18 Astros multiple rocket launchers (MRLS), causing concern in Singapore in the early years of the current decade.

Brazil is not just a major military technology provider, but also a supplier of civilian products. This was clearly demonstrated in August 2007 when it signed a $1.3 billion contract to sell commercial jetliners to Lufthansa and Japan Airlines.

An example of the closeness of Sino-Brazilian military ties came in May this year when Brazilian defence minister Nelson Jobim announced that Chinese fighter pilots would be trained on the Brazilian aircraft carrier Sao Paulo. Jobim’s announcement came shortly after a senior Chinese military official publicly stated Beijing’s intention to acquire an aircraft carrier in the near future. Bearing in mind that very few countries in the world possess an aircraft carrier and that they are all close US allies, the Brazilian gesture no doubt attests to the importance of Brazil as a source of military technology and know-how.

The energy sector is fast emerging as one of the most important areas of cooperation between the two nations. Brazilian national oil company Petrobras and China have signed several agreements for the construction of various sections of a massive $6 billion pipeline to transport Brazil’s growing energy exports to China. In May this year the Chinese government signed a loan of $10 billion to Petrobras to assist it in developing the newly discovered Tupi oil fields.

In exchange, Brazil is to supply Chinese state-owned Sinopec with 200,000 barrels of oil a day for the next 10 years – nearly 7 per cent of China’s oil needs. Petrobras is also reported to be transferring deep-water drilling technology to Chinese state-owned companies – an area where China has been rather unsuccessful. Most of its oil activities in China and throughout the world are on shore or in relatively shallow waters.

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Studies to Eliminate Dollar in Brazil-China Trade Going Slow

China and Brazil have created a work group to study the possibility of implementation of a bilateral trade program in their respective currencies, in replacement of the North American dollar, said a source in the Central Bank of Brazil.

“The negotiations are still in an initial phase, with a work group having been created with representatives of Brazil and China, who also met during the G-20 summit, in London,” explained a source.

The next step should be the visit of a Central Bank of Brazil delegation to China, “despite there being no forecast as to when it may come true,” said the source.

The work group should analyze the “results to be reached through an agreement that China recently established with Argentina” – the first country in South America to benefit from trade exchanges in the same currency with the Asian giant and with whom Brazil has also been developing the same program since September 2008.

The Central Banks of China and Brazil are also going to develop a “study of the potential bilateral trade volume to analyze the possibility of an agreement.”

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Written by Newsroom
Wednesday, 16 September 2009
[Source] – brazzilmag.com

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Russia to host summit of BRIC countries

[South-South Cooperation]

Russia will host the first summit of leaders from the BRIC countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China – the largest four emerging economies of the developing world.

The meeting represents a important milestone for the BRIC countries which have been at the forefront of global growth and foreign direct investment in emerging market in recent years.

As developed nations work to repair the crumbling global financial system, the BRIC countries will be financing their deficits, this is especially the case for the United States. Naturally, the BRIC countries are demanding a bigger role in the process of rebuilding the global financial system.

”This trip will expand mutual trust, work toward solutions on how to tackle the financial crisis, and solidify economic ties among the BRIC nations,” Li said, using the common term that is an acronym of the first letters of the four countries’ names.

“Goooooooo Team!” — BRIC Leaders

Other highlights in the realm of South-South Cooperation which will come to pass in Russia next week during this little get together of the BRIC countries include:

– The 60th Anniversary of China-Russia Cooperation

– China and Russia will sign a variety of economic, trade and cultural cooperation deals during the visit

– The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, a China and Russia led organization of Central Asian States. The group includes the nations of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.

Western observers, as reported by AP in this article, assert the group has served as a vehicle for Moscow and Beijing to limit Western influence in energy-rich Central Asia.

Personally, I don’t think Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan or any of those other countries mentioned above in Central Asia where at the top of the U.S. “to-do” list to woo until the war in Afghanistan. The comment no less holds true considering that times have changed.

– Leaders from Afghanistan, Mongolia, Pakistan and India have been invited and will attend the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as “observers”

That pretty much sums it up. Check back next week for more updates on this topic as the meet and greets begin in Russia. ChinaSouthAmerica will be keeping up to date and bring you all the drama as it unfolds.

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China Negotiates for Deepwater Oil Blocks Offshore Brazil

[South-South Cooperation] — Brazil, China — Rigzone

Lula’s visit to China has been anything but boring. On the heels of the $10 billion oil for cash deal reached between Brazil and China this past week, comes news of negotiations for two deepwater oil blocks between Petroleo Brasileiro SA (PBR) and China Petroleum & Chemical Corp.

Rigzone reports in this article:

The two oil blocks under negotiation between oil giants China Petroleum & Chemical Corp. (SNP) and Petroleo Brasileiro SA (PBR) are deepwater exploration blocks located in the north of Brazil, the Brazilian company’s top financial official told Dow Jones Newswires on Thursday.

Conversations, however, are still ongoing and the deal isn’t closed, said Almir Barbassa, chief financial officer of Petrobras, as the Brazilian company is known.

The blocks under consideration are within Brazilian waters, are 100% owned by Petrobras and run deep, or about 2,000 meters, he said. They are located off the coast of the two neighboring states of Para and Maranhao in northern Brazil, Barbassa added.

Earlier this week, China’s National Energy Administration Chairman Zhang Guobao told reporters in Beijing that Brazil would offer two oil blocks to Sinopec, as the Chinese company is known, as a way to strengthen energy cooperation between the two countries. He didn’t give any further details.

Click here to access the full article from Rigzone

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Brazil and China move toward convertible currency

[South-South Cooperation] — Brazil, China — Latin America and Brazil

Vitoria Saddi shares her analysis of the latest news to emerge from this weeks meetings between Brazilian President Lula da Silva and Chinese President Hu Jintao. If you have not already checked out Victoria’s site, Latin America and Brazil, I highly recommend you do.

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As we all know, president Lula is in China this week. It seems that one of the goals of his visit is to enable Brazil and China to use their own currencies in trade transactions, rather than the US dollar. The move follows recent Chinese challenges to the status of the dollar as the world’s leading international currency. It should be clear that this deal is different from what China is doing with Argentina – currency swap. In the Brazil – China deal Brazil would pay for Chinese goods with reais and China would pay for Brazilian goods with renminbi. The move follows recent Chinese challenges to the status of the dollar as the world’s leading international currency.

In our view, this is an important step towards convertibility. Clearly, the country can afford to have a convertible currency because it has a healthy balance of payments and the government has been taking steps towards convertibility.

Click here to read the full article from Latin America and Brazil

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China and Brazil seal $10 billion deal

[South-South Cooperation] — China, Brazil

Lula da Silva & Hu Jintao

Chinese President Hu Jintao and his Brazilian counterpart, Lula da Silva, finished writing the latest chapter in Sino-Brazilian Cooperation earlier today in Beijing.

ChinaSouthAmerica has been following this story for a few months now, and I must say, it is nice to see a classic example of South-South Cooperation / Emerging Market Cooperation (whatever you want to call it) develop and eventually get finalized.

Here are a few excerpts from a WSJ article that a great job of summing up the details.

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State-owned Brazilian oil giant Petroleo Brasileiro SA said it finalized a $10 billion loan agreement from China in return for a long-term supply of oil, another victory for China’s new strategy of using its cash-rich banks to help secure the natural resources the country needs to keep its economy growing.
…

Petroleo Brasileiro, known as Petrobras, said under the terms of the 10-year loan from China Development Bank, which has been at the center of China’s resources policy, Brazil would supply China Petrochemical Corp., known as Sinopec, 150,000 barrels of oil a day for the first year, rising to 200,000 barrels a day for another nine years.

…

Mr. Gabrielli said the loan’s interest rate was under 6.5%, and the loan used oil revenue as collateral but would be repaid in cash — not oil. Although the deal didn’t include guarantees to buy Chinese products or services, other deals will work on exploring closer cooperation, such as moving Chinese equipment factories to Brazil.

…

China’s mission to secure commodities does not stop with Brazil–as you are well aware if your a frequent reader at this site.

Beijing has struck similar agreements with energy producers world-wide in recent months, including a $10 billion deal with Kazakhstan and a $25 billion deal with Russian oil and pipeline companies.

…

Stay tuned for further developments and ChinaSouthAmerica’s analysis this deal and growth of Sino-Brazilian Cooperation.

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Brazil’s president arrives in Beijing

[South-South Cooperation] — China, Brazil — Al Jazeera

Lula arrives in China – [Reuters]

Brazil’s president has arrived in China for three days of talks expected to focus on broadening ties between two of the world’s largest developing economies and moves to decrease their dependency on the US dollar.

The visit by Luiz Inacio Lula Da Silva is his second in 12 months, highlighting the importance of China which recently overtook the US as Brazil’s most important trading partner.

On Tuesday Lula will hold talks with his Chinese counterpart, Hu Jintao, as well as host a bilateral business forum and visit an aircraft factory.

Speaking ahead of the visit he said he was looking to the trip to promote “a new economic order”, while an official from the country’s foreign ministry said a theme of the talks would be a “reorganisation of the international scene”.

…

Al Jazeera’s Tony Cheng reporting from Beijing says the main point of discussion during Lula’s visit will be on Brazilian energy resources which Beijing, with reserve funds to spare, was keen to exploit.

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Brazil’s two-way trade with China, one of the few economies still growing strongly despite the global crisis, reached $3.2bn in April, surpassing the $2.8bn trade total with the US.

So far this year, government data showed that Brazilian exports to China grew 65 per cent over the same period in 2008, rising from $3.4bn to $5.6bn.

Click here to access the complete article from Al Jazeera

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